object—an object.
output-stream—an output stream designator. The default is standard output.
array—a generalized boolean.
base—a radix.
case—a symbol of type (member :upcase :downcase :capitalize).
circle—a generalized boolean.
escape—a generalized boolean.
gensym—a generalized boolean.
length—a non-negative integer, or nil.
level—a non-negative integer, or nil.
lines—a non-negative integer, or nil.
miser-width—a non-negative integer, or nil.
pprint-dispatch—a pprint dispatch table.
pretty—a generalized boolean.
radix—a generalized boolean.
readably—a generalized boolean.
right-margin—a non-negative integer, or nil.
stream—an output stream designator. The default is standard output.
write, prin1, princ, print, and pprint
write the printed representation of object to output-stream.
write is the general entry point to the Lisp printer.
For each explicitly supplied keyword parameter named in the next figure,
the corresponding printer control variable is dynamically bound to its value
while printing goes on;
for each keyword parameter in the next figure that is not explicitly supplied,
the value of the corresponding printer control variable is the same as it was
at the time write was invoked.
Once the appropriate bindings are established,
the object is output by the Lisp printer.
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Figure 22.7: Argument correspondences for the WRITE function.
prin1, princ, print, and pprint implicitly
bind certain print parameters to particular values. The remaining parameter
values are taken from
*print-array*,
*print-base*,
*print-case*,
*print-circle*,
*print-escape*,
*print-gensym*,
*print-length*,
*print-level*,
*print-lines*,
*print-miser-width*,
*print-pprint-dispatch*,
*print-pretty*,
*print-radix*,
and *print-right-margin*.
prin1 produces output suitable for input to read.
It binds *print-escape* to true.
princ is just like prin1 except that the
output has no escape characters.
It binds *print-escape* to false
and *print-readably* to false.
The general rule is that output from princ is intended to look
good to people, while output from prin1 is intended to
be acceptable to read.
print is just like prin1
except that the printed representation
of object is preceded by a newline
and followed by a space.
pprint is just like print except that the trailing
space is omitted and
object is printed with the *print-pretty* flag non-nil
to produce pretty output.
Output-stream specifies the stream to which output is to be sent.
*standard-output*,
*terminal-io*,
*print-escape*,
*print-radix*,
*print-base*,
*print-circle*,
*print-pretty*,
*print-level*,
*print-length*,
*print-case*,
*print-gensym*,
*print-array*,
*read-default-float-format*.
readtable-case, Section 22.3.4 (FORMAT Printer Operations)
The functions prin1 and print do not bind *print-readably*.
(prin1 object output-stream) ≡ (write object :stream output-stream :escape t)
(princ object output-stream) ≡ (write object stream output-stream :escape nil :readably nil)
(print object output-stream)
≡ (progn (terpri output-stream)
(write object :stream output-stream
:escape t)
(write-char #\space output-stream))
(pprint object output-stream) ≡ (write object :stream output-stream :escape t :pretty t)